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A Study on Legal Improvements for Clean Atmosphere Environment and Climate Change: Focusing on PM-2.5
  • Issue Date 2018-08-20
  • Page 125
  • Price 7,000
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Ⅰ. Background and Purpose
□ Problems of PM-2.5 which is carcinogenic to humans became a public concerns in Korea, and it is necessary to improve legal systems of PM-2.5 measures.
□ This research aims to explore the legal systems of PM-2.5 measures and propose the legal improvements. 

Ⅱ. Main Contents
□ Even though Environmental Policy Basic Act sets the environmental standards for PM-2.5, its implementing acts including Ambient Air Quality Preservation Act do not only providing specific legal definitions but also clarifying its definition with dust, particles and smoke; therefore, it is necessary to have a clear definition and implementing measures of PM-2.5.
□ Because two third of total PM-2.5 are the secondary PM-2.5, the emission criteria of precursor of PM-2.5 such as SOx and NOx should be more strictly regulated.
□ It is also necessary to have a precise inventory of Pm-2.5 sources and volume of emission and focus on the main target based on the inventory; moreover, post-management of the emission criteria is also important. 
□ It should be considered to close the old coal power plants and to reduce the running rate of diesel engine power plants in the national energy plans. 
□ Emission testing of diesel engine automobile should check the NOx like gasoline and gas engine automobile emission testing. 
□ Emission testing of diesel engine automobile which are implemented in only metropolitan area should be implemented in nationals. 
□ The Emission Trading System which is one of market based regulation system should be activated in PM-2.5 regulation system which facilitates the technical development and investments and make reduction of PM-2.5. 
□ It is necessary to activated the Emission Trading System in existing laws and regulations and to expand its application into Chungcheong Province where the national coal power plants complex(more than 70% of total coal power plants in whole country) are located.
□ The government makes its effort to have co-works regarding the trans-boundary movements of PM-2.5 ad its harms in order for international negotiation with Chinese government.  
□ It is possible to allowing the investment in own Emission Trading markets from the technical and financial supports through the PM Emission Trading System and it makes to reduce the trans-boundary air pollution. 

Ⅲ. Expected Effects
□ The above proposed improvements can be aids for expected government works for changing of PM-2.5 and its precursors emission criteria in point sources and non-point-sources is research. 
□ The ideas of PM emission trading system and its international links, which facilitate more technical and financial cooperation as a market-based system, can play a role in international negotiation for reducing trans-boundary air pollution between Korea and China.